UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter. A UART is an electronic circuit that converts parallel bits to serial bits and vice versa. Inside the computer, data is worked on in parallel (8 or more bits at a time), whereas transmission over a communications channel is usually serial (one bit following the other). The serial transmission is asynchronous, which means the UART is responsible for generating and detecting the start and stop bits that accompany each character transmitted.
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